商务英语1000必备单词Unit14：EconomicTerms经济术语

1. Inflation 通货膨胀: An increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.

2. Deflation 通货紧缩: A decrease in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.

3. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值: The total value of all goods and services produced in a country during a specific period of time.

4. Interest Rate 利率: The cost of borrowing money or the return on investment expressed as a percentage.

5. Exchange Rate 汇率: The rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another currency.

6. Balance of Trade 贸易平衡: The difference between the value of a country's exports and the value of its imports over a given period of time.

7. Budget 预算: A plan for managing and allocating financial resources over a specific period of time.

8. Tariff 关税: A tax imposed on imported goods to protect domestic industries or generate revenue for the government.

9. Recession 经济衰退: A period of negative economic growth characterized by a decline in GDP, increased unemployment, and reduced consumer spending.

10. Stock Market 股市: A market where shares of publicly traded companies are bought and sold.

11. Venture Capital 风险投资: Capital provided by investors to high-risk, high-potential start-up companies.

12. Fiscal Policy 财政政策: The use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy.

13. Monetary Policy 货币政策: The use of interest rates and other monetary tools to control the supply of money in the economy.

14. Economic Indicator 经济指标: A statistic used to gauge the overall health of an economy, such as unemployment rate, inflation rate, or GDP growth rate.

15. Supply and Demand 供求关系: The theory that the price of a product is determined by the balance between its supply and demand in the market.

16. Economic Growth 经济增长: An increase in the production and consumption of goods and services in an economy over time.

17. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 外商直接投资: Investment made by a company based in one country into another country.

18. Monopoly 垄断: A market structure in which there is only one seller of a particular product or service with no close substitutes.

19. Subsidy 补贴: Financial assistance or grants given by the government to support certain industries or activities.

20. Competition 竞争: The rivalry among firms for sales, market share, and customers.